American Revolution Timeline- Ideology or Class?
| 1251 | Magna Carta |
| 1642 | English Civil War |
| 1651 | Cromwell's Navigation Acts |
| 1660 | Charlesí Navigation Acts: monopolize trade in mercantile relationship |
| 1686 | ìNew Englandî established as new administrative area. Sir Edmund Andros, Governor |
| 1688 | Glorious Revolution: habeas corpus, bill of rights- Eng. Const. tradition:
property, balanced govít, tyranny, taxation, standing army
(ìcourtí and ìcountryî split) fear of corruption (Trench and Gord.)
Andros overthrown in Boston (1689): Increase and Cotton Mather Leislerís Rebellion overthrows Gov. Nicholson of New York (1689-91): lower classes split by ethnic differences (English/ Dutch) |
| 1689-97 | Williamís War: inflation, urban poverty increases, widows, merchants
enriched.
Radicalization in Boston (Nash) |
| 1702-13 | Queen Anne's War |
| 1739-54 | British War with Spain |
| 1756-63 | Seven Yearsí War. Ends with Treaty of Paris (French gone from NA): merchant trade increases, small businesses taxed, impressment: increases artisanal discontent- class factions begin. Costs Britain |
| 1764 | Sugar Act (revenue for Seven Years' War) |
| 1765 | Stamp Act: riots in Boston
Popeís Day: Grenville, Bute, Hutchinson [Gov in 1771], Oliver, Mackintosh, Sam Adams and James Otis- Sons of Liberty. Boston had suffered during Seven Yrs. War: worker anger New York: March on Fort George and Governor Colden. Whigs support Embargo but lower classes call for active defiance. Whigs restore order. NYC had thrived during War Phila: artisans split by royal gov. (ìassembly:î Franklin/Quakers) vs. proprietary (anglicans) issue: Ironically, assembly party for Stamp Act, proprietary against. VA: Patrick Henryís VA Resolves declare Acts ìunconstitutionalî Quartering Act (Result of Seven Yearsí War): contributes to fear of tyranny/ ant-constitutional conspiracy. Troops compete with workers for jobs Sons of Liberty organize boycott of British goods. Stamp Act repealed in 1766 |
| 1766 | Declaratory Act affirms Parliamentary supremacy |
| 1767 | Townshend Duties on glass, lead, paper, etc. and tea. Colonists respond
with nonimportation. Sam Adams calls for creation of ìChristian
Spartaî using boycott to address ìluxury and corruptionî
repealed in 1770 except for tea |
| 1770 | Boston Massacre |
| 1773 | Tea Act: reduce some duties but give East India Co. right to bypass American merchants and sell directly. Hutchinson refuse to let ships clear harbor.Tea Party by artisans, even though as consumers the act benefits them |
| 1774 | Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts): close Boston port, limit provincial
representation, protect British offices, quartering of troops.
Fulfills fears of conspiracy/tyranny/ enslavement.
First Continental Congress convenes (w/o GA): S and J. Adams (MA), Patrick Henry (VA) Sam Adams calls for boycott |
| 1775 | April Lex and Concord: Gage sends troops to C. to seize militia arms.
Revere warns. Lex mil. block.
May Second Continental Congress: GW and Cont. Army June Bunker Hill Dec. Prohibitory Act: embargo on American goods, seize ships, blockade Paineís Common Sense: anti-tyranny, attack mixed constitution and ìvirtual representation,î popularize ìdemocracyî |
| 1775-81 | War of Independence: war of attrition (NYC held by British, 1776-83) |
| 1778 | French recognize US: Treaties for trade and military assistance (Franklin, Adams, Jay) |
| 1780 | British Southern strategy: Savannah, Charleston fall to British |
| 1781 | Washington, Rochambeau and Lafayette prevail at Yorktown, VA |
| 1783 | 1783 Peace Treaty: Independence, all land east of Mississippi (except FL), etc. US help collect debt owed to Brit. |